The relationship between urban environment and the inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Soon, Ing Shian; Molodecky, Natalie A; Rabi, Doreen M; Ghali, William A; Barkema, Herman W; Kaplan, Gilaad G

doi:10.1186/1471-230X-12-51

Table 1 Characteristics of cohort studies for ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease studies

From: The relationship between urban environment and the inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study characteristics and demographics					Study Quality Characteristics
Author (year)	Country	Study period	Number of cases	Incidence of UC (per 100,000)	Methods of diagnosis defined	Diagnosis based on recognized criteria	Urban/rural defined	Urban population >10,000	Time of exposure	Multiple levels of exposure
Ulcerative Colitis
Mate-Jimerez 1994[39]	Spain	1981-88	111	3.16	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	At diagnosis	No
Ekbom 1991[40]	Sweden	1965-83	2509	10.5	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Linden 1971[19]	Finland	1967	223	4.76	No	N/A	No	No	At diagnosis	No
Probert 1992[32]	UK	1972-80	192	5.33	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	Yes
Probert 1992[32]	UK	1981-89	211	7.29	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	Yes
Niv 1990[33]	Israel	1967-86	43	2.33	Yes	No	Yes	No	At diagnosis	Yes
Kildebo 1990[22]	Norway	1983-86	179	13.2	Yes	Yes	No	No	At diagnosis	No
Gheorghe 2004[23]	Romania	2002-03	163	0.97	Yes	Yes	No	No	At diagnosis	No
Sincic 2006[41]	Croatia	2000-04	70	4.6	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Tsianos 1994[24]	Greece	1982-91	61	4.18	Yes	Yes	No	No	At diagnosis	Yes
Ladas 2005[34]	Greece	1990-94	56	10.6	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	At diagnosis	Yes
Moller 1971[20]	Finland	1956-67	505	1.07	Yes	Yes	No	No	At diagnosis	No
Blanchard 2001[42]	Canada	1987-96	1763	15.6	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Green 2006[15]	Canada	1990-01	N/A	13.5	No	N/A	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Lakatos 2003[43]	Hungary	1977-01	560	5.89	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Manousos 1996[44]	Greece	1990-94	117	8.9	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Wigley 1962[35]	New Zealand	N/A	132	N/A	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	At diagnosis	Yes
Latour 1996[45]	Belgium	1993-94	36	3.5	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Crohn’s Disease
Kyle 1971[47]	UK	1955-69	166	1.98	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Jayanthi 1992[48]	UK	1972-80	161	2.89	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	At diagnosis	No
Jayanthi 1992[48]	UK	1981-89	233	4.48	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	At diagnosis	No
Mate-Jimerez 1994[39]	Spain	1981-88	57	1.61	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	At diagnosis	No
Ekbom 1991[40]	Sweden	1965-83	1469	6.09	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Shivananda 1987[36]	Netherlands	1979-83	54	3.90	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	Yes
Kildebo 1989[22]	Norway	1983-86	82	5.85	Yes	Yes	No	No	At diagnosis	No
Kyle 1992[49]	Scotland	1955-88	856	5.65	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Manousos 1996[44]	Greece	1990-94	37	3.00	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	At diagnosis	No
Gheorghe 2004[23]	Romania	2002-03	85	0.51	Yes	Yes	No	No	At diagnosis	No
Sincic 2006[41]	Croatia	2000-04	100	6.50	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Phavichitr 2003[25]	Australia	1971-01	351	1.02	Yes	Yes	No	No	At diagnosis	No
Moum 1996[50]	Norway	1990-93	225	5.86	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Blanchard 2001[42]	Canada	1987-96	1765	15.6	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Green 2006[15]	Canada	1990-01	N/A	14.8	No	N/A	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Lakatos 2003[43]	Hungary	1977-01	212	2.23	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Nyhlin 1986[51]	Sweden	1974-81	253	4.90	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Ruiz Ochoa 1984[30]	Spain	1976-83	152	0.80	Yes	Yes	No	No	At diagnosis	No
Sedlack 1980[31]	USA	1935-75	103	4.20	Yes	No	No	No	At diagnosis	No
Brandes 1983[52]	Germany	1964-75	97	3.00	Yes	No	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No
Latour 1996[45]	Belgium	1993-94	56	5.50	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	At diagnosis	No

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