Table 3 Sensitivity and stratified analyses of pooled relative risk for cohort studies

Crude

18

6901

1.19(1.03, 1.36)

<.001

21

6514

1.50(1.30, 1.72)

<.001

Definition of urban/rural environment

Urban/rural defined

13

5906

1.18(1.09, 1.27)

.19

16

5741

1.28(1.14, 1.43)

<.001

Urban defined as >10,000

3

299

1.16(0.90, 1.50)

.65

4

488

1.38(0.97, 1.97)

.072

Year of publication

1962-1988

3

860

0.96(0.60, 1.51)

<.001

0.16

.30

6

825

1.90(1.27, 2.85)

<.001

−0.095

.47

1989-1998

9

3459

1.23(0.95, 1.57)

<.001

9

3176

1.26(1.04, 1.53)

<.001

1999-2009

6

2612

1.30(1.10, 1.54)

.022

6

2513

1.49(1.18, 1.87)

.001

Region

European countries

15

5036

1.21(0.99, 1.46)

<.001

0.008

.98

17

4295

1.55(1.28, 1.88)

<.001

0.77

.75

Non-European countries

3

1895

1.13(1.06, 1.22)

.61

4

2219

1.39(1.18 1.62)

.12

European Countries

Northern

6

3819

0.97(0.75, 1.27)

<.001

−0.26

.086

9

3499

1.23(1.04, 1.45)

<.001

0.23

.04

Eastern

2

723

1.59(0.98, 2.59)

.013

2

297

2.30(0.54, 9.82)

<.001

Mediterranean

6

458

1.39(0.82, 2.36)

<.001

4

346

2.64(1.50, 4.62)

.02

Western

1

36

2.12(1.00, 4.50)

NA

2

153

1.72(1.17, 2.51)

.79