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Table 1 Different therapeutic approaches to DEV.

From: Therapeutic approach to "downhill" esophageal varices bleeding due to superior vena cava syndrome in Behcet's disease: a case report

Category (reference)

Etiology and/or Indication

Major Manifestation

Therapeutic Approach

Results of Treatment

Possible Complications of Treatment

1 [10; 11; 15]

Intrathoracic goiter

Bleeding

Thyroidectomy

Usually complete response

Complications of surgeries

2 [1]

Tumor

Bleeding

Chemoradiotherapy

Partial response

Chemoradiotherapy side effects

3 [13]

Tumor

Bleeding

Surgical Resection

Usually complete response

Complications of surgeries

4 [21]

Systemic vasculitis

Bleeding

Steroids and dapsone

Complete response

Medications side effects

5 [29]

Unspecified disease

Bleeding

Sclerotherapy

Partial or no response

Bleeding, fatal pulmonary embolism

6 [current report]

Behcet's disease

Bleeding

Band ligation

Complete response

Endoscopic band ligation complications