Table 3 Clinical data of included studies for the efficacy of antiviral treatment on the development of HCC in patients with CHC
Study | Nationality | Age | Duration of follow up | Study format | Genotype | NOS | Treatment | HCC/Total treatment | HCC/Control | Histology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mazella G et al. (1996) [23] | Italy | Tx: 53, control: 54 (mean) | mean 32 months | P | unknown | 7 | IFN-α or lymphoblastoid | 5/193 | 9/92 | Child A LC |
Bruno S et al.(1997) [24] | Italy | Tx 56, control: 59 (mean) | median 68 months | P | 62% type 1b | 7 | IFN-α | 6/83 | 16/80 | LC (mainly Child A) |
Fattovich G et al. (1997) [25] | Italy | Tx: 53, control: 57 (mean) | mean 60 months | R | unknown | 8 | IFN-α | 7/193 | 16/136 | LC |
Serfaty L et al. (1998) [26] | France | Tx: 55, control: 56 (mean) | median 40 months | P | 48% 1b | 7 | IFN-α | 2/59 | 9/44 | Knodell 10 (mean) |
Benvegnù L et al.(1998) [27] | Italy | Tx: 56.7, control: 59.5 (mean) | mean 71.5 months | P | unknown | 8 | IFN | 4/75 | 20/77 | Child A LC |
International Interferon-α Hepatocellular Carcinoma Study Group (1998) [28] | Italy and Argentina | 54 (median) | 36 months | R | unknown | 7 | IFN-α or lymphoblastoid | 21/232 | 48/259 | unknown |
Imai Y et al.(1998) [29] | Japan | unknown | Tx: 47.6, control: 46.8 (median) | R | unknown | 7 | IFN-α | 28/419 | 19/144 | F3,4: 37% in Tx, 53% in control |
Yoshida H et al. (1999) [30] | Japan | Tx: 49.5, control: 53.6 (mean) | median 4.3 years | R | 70.3% type 1 | 7 | IFN-α or IFN-β or combination | 89/2400 | 59/490 | F3,4: 33.1% in Tx, 33.8% in control |
Okanoue T et al. (1999) [31] | Japan | 42.6–57.6 (mean) | mean 39.5–67.1 months | R | unknown | 7 | IFN-α or lymphoblastoid | 52/1148 | 22/55 | F3,4: 34% in Tx, F4: 100% in control |
Valla DC et al. (1999) [32] | France | Tx: 57, control: 56 (mean) | mean 160 weeks | RCT | unknown |  | IFN-α | 5/47 | 9/52 | compensated LC |
Ikeda K et al. (2001) [33] | Japan | 57 (median) | median 7.6 years | R | unknown | 7 | IFN-α or IFN-β | 32/113 | 271/581 | LC |
Gramenzi A et al. (2001) [34] | Italy | Tx: 57.9, control: 58.1 (mean) | median 55–58 months | P | unknown | 7 | IFN-α | 6/72 | 19/72 | LC (mainly Child A) |
Nishiguchi S et al. (2001) [35] | Japan | Tx: 54.7, control: 57.3 (mean) | mean 8.2 years | RCT | 75.6% type 2 |  | IFN-α | 12/45 | 33/45 | unknown |
Testino G et al. (2002) [16] | Italy | Tx: 55.3, control: 56.8 (mean) | mean 95.4 months | R | 55% type 1b, 45% type 2 | 8 | IFN-α | 12/51 | 24/71 | Child A LC |
Coverdale SA et al. (2004) [36] | Australia | Tx: 37, control: 38 (median) | median 9 years | P | 39.6% type 1 | 7 | IFN-α | 26/384 | 7/71 | Scheuer fibrosis score 2 |
Azzaroli F et al. (2004) [37] | Italy | 55.1 (mean) | 5 years | RCT | 64.4% type 1b |  | IFN-α with RBV | 2/71 | 9/30 | LC |
Shiratori Y et al. (2005) [38] | Japan | Tx: 57, control: 61 (median) | median 6.8 years | P | 71.9% type 1b | 8 | IFN-α or lymphoblastoid | 84/271 | 35/74 | unknown |
Yu ML et al. (2006) [39] | Taiwan | Tx: 46.9, control: 43.6 (mean) | mean 5.18–5.15 years | R | 46.2% type 1 | 8 | IFN-α with or without RBV | 51/1057 | 54/562 | LC 15.6% in Tx, 12.1% in control |
Sinn DH et al. (2008) [40] | Korea | 48.4–58.2 (mean) | median 55.2 months | R | 48.6% type 2 | 7 | IFN/PegIFN with or without RBV | 14/490 | 122/647 | F3,4: 49% in Tx, F4: 33% in control |
Di Martino V et al. (2011) [41] | France | unknown | median 59Â months | R | 57.9% type 1 | 7 | IFN with or without RBV, or PegIFN with RBV | 9/184 | 5/184 | 55.5%Â F2 or greater |
Tateyama M et al. (2011) [42] | Japan | 57 (median) | mean 8.2Â years | R | 72.1% type 1b | 8 | IFN/PegIFN with or without RBV | 110/373 | 63/334 | F3,4: 34.1% |
Maruoka D et al. (2012) [43] | Japan | 50.4–54 (mean) | mean 9.9 years | R | 73.6% type 1 | 8 | IFN-α/IFN-β with or without RBV | 85/577 | 35/144 | F3,4: 24.3% in Tx, F4: 43.1% in control |
Cozen ML et al. (2013) [44] | US | 50.98 (mean) | mean 10 years | R | 68.7% type 1 | 8 | IFN-α with or without RBV | 11/159 | 9/199 | F3,4: 19% (30.2% in Tx, 10.1% in control) |
Aleman S et al. (2013) [45] | Sweden | 51 (mean) | mean 5.3Â years | R | 50% type 1 | 8 | PegIFN with RBV | 32/303 | 14/48 | LC |
Cozen ML et al. (2016) [46] | US | 51.4 (mean) | mean 8.5 years | P | 71.6% type 1 or 4 | 8 | IFN-α with RBV | 43/692 | 84/1519 | LC 15.8% in Tx, 5.3% in control |