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Table 1 Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Study Population

From: Risk factors for mortality among patients admitted with upper gastrointestinal bleeding at a tertiary hospital: a prospective cohort study

Characteristic

Median (25–75) / Frequency

Age

40.0 (31.0–56.3)

Sex

 Male

121 (71.2%)

 Female

49 (28.8%)

History of previous UGIB

65 (38.2%)

Use of NSAIDs in previous one week

7 (4.1%)

Comorbidity

 Any Comorbidity

106 (62.4%)

 Cardiac Disease

14 (8.2%)

 Renal Insufficiency

26 (15.3%)

 Chronic Liver Disease

52 (30.6%)

 Encephalopathy

14 (8.2%)

 Malignancy

16 (9.4%)

 Hypertension

13 (7.6%)

 Diabetes Mellitus

5 (2.9%)

 HIV

7 (4.1%)

Smoking

9 (5.3%)

Alcohol use in previous one week

22 (12.9%)

Initial Vital Signs

 Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)

113.5 (102.0–130.0)

 Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)

63.0 (56.8–80.3)

 Pulse Rate (beats/min)

101.5 (86.0–108.3)

 Respiratory Rate (breaths/min)

20.0 (19.0–23.0)

 Arterial Oxygen Saturation (%)

100.0 (100.0–100.0)

Initial Laboratory Data

 White Blood Count (k/μl)

8.1 (4.6–12.4)

 Hemoglobin (g/dL)

6.2 (4.5–8.8)

 Platelets (k/μl)

178.5 (90.8–293.3)

 Serum Creatinine (μmol/L)

78.0 (63.5–150.5)

 Serum BUN (g/dL)

6.5 (3.3–12.6)

 Serum ALT (U/L)

23.0 (15.0–47.0)

 Serum AST (U/L)

36.0 (22.0–93.0)

 Serum Total Bilirubin (μmol/L)

12.7 (7.6–29.9)

 Prothrombin Time (seconds)

12.5 (11.2–14.1)

 APTT (seconds)

28.4 (25.2–32.8)

 INR

1.1 (1.0–1.3)

Rockall Score

 Pre-Endoscopy

3.0 (1.0–4.0)

 Post-Endoscopy

6.0 (4.0–7.0)

  1. A total 170 individuals were recruited in the study. The mean and median age of the study population was 44.9 and 40.0 years, respectively. Majority were males (71.2%) and 38.2% had a previous episode of UGIB (either hematemesis or melena). Chronic liver disease was the most common comorbidity present (30.6%). (See Table 1)