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Fig. 1 | BMC Gastroenterology

Fig. 1

From: Combined activity of COX-1 and COX-2 is increased in non-neoplastic colonic mucosa from colorectal neoplasia patients

Fig. 1

A simplified scheme for involvement of COX enzymes in development of CRN. COX-1 and COX-2 convert active arachidonic acid (AAA) into PGE2, which at the basolateral side is transported out off the cell via an ABCC5-transporter. Through a Gs-protein-coupled EP-4-receptor, PGE2 mediates conversion of ATP to cAMP, thus inducing mucosal Cl secretion and cell proliferation. COX isozymes may be inhibited selectively by SC-560 and celecoxib or non-selectively by indomethacin. Pathways with markers are hypothetically increased in CRN, thereby increasing cell proliferation and carcinogenesis. PGE2: prostaglandin E2, cAMP: cyclic adenosine monophosphate, AMP: adenosine monophosphate, ATP: adenosine triphosphate, COX: cyclooxygenase, CRN: colorectal neoplasia, Gs: stimulatory heterotrimeric G protein, ABCC5: ATP-binding cassette transporter C5, EP4: prostaglandin receptor subtype 4, SC-560: selective COX-1 inhibitor, celecoxib: selective COX-2 inhibitor

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