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Table 3 Factors affecting the recurrent biliary complications (univariate analysis)

From: Gallbladder function predicts subsequent biliary complications in patients with common bile duct stones after endoscopic treatment?

Factors

Risk ratio (95% CI)

P

Gender (male/female)

1.53 (0.60–3.89)

0.369

Mean age

1.00 (0.99–1.03)

0.860

Smoking (yes/no)

2.19(0.96–5.01)

0.062

Alcohol drinking (yes/no)

2.49 (1.02–6.05)

0.045

Concomitant diseases

 Chronic lung disease (yes/no)

1.70(0.40–7.27)

0.473

 Cerebrovascular diseases (yes/no)

1.68(0.39–7.18)

0.482

 Renal failure (yes/no)

3.19(1.09–9.39)

0.035

 Cancer diseases (yes/no)

1.52(0.45–5.11)

0.501

 Liver disease (yes/no)

2.35(0.79–6.98)

0.123

 Diabetes mellitus (yes/no)

1.03(0.38–2.27)

0.958

JPD (yes/no)

1.05(0.45–2.42)

0.888

Gallbladder stones(Yes/No)

8.83(1.19–65.49)

0.033

Mean CBD diameter

2.26(0.83–6.180

0.113

Mean balloon diameter for EPBDa

3.10(0.50–1900)

0.222

Mechanical lithotripsy (yes/no)

1.06(0.25–4.58)

0.935

Brown pigment stones (yes/no)

1.16(0.47–2.84)

0.748

Sessions for bile duct clearance(1/> 1)

0.32(0.11–0.93)

0.037

Non-visualization of gallbladder in ERCP(yes/no)

1.96(0.73–5.29)

0.184

Fatty meal sonographyb

 Fasting volume

1.01(0.99–1.03)

0.596

 Residual volume

1.02(0.98–1.06)

0.324

 Ejection fraction

1.00(0.99–1.01)

0.986

 Ejection fraction at 30 min (≥50% vs < 50%)

0.70(0.31–1.59)

0.400

  1. JPD: juxtapapillary diverticulum, CBD: common bile duct, EPBD: endoscopic papillary balloon dilation. ERCP: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
  2. aOnly the 113 patients who received EPBD were included
  3. b8 patients with small contracted gallbladder or gas block were excluded