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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the 149 patients who underwent ESD

From: Splash M-knife versus Flush Knife BT in the technical outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer: a propensity score matching analysis

 

Total n = 149

ESD-M n = 73

ESD-F n = 76

p value

ASD

Age (years)

     

 Mean ± SD

73.3 ± 8.6

73.0 ± 8.4

73.6 ± 8.7

0.67¶

0.0702

 Median (range)

74 (52–91)

74 (52–91)

74 (52–90)

0.67§

 

Gender

   

0.4‡

 

 Male

97 (65.1%)

45 (61.6%)

52 (68.4%)

 

0.143

 Female

52 (34.9%)

28 (38.4%)

24 (31.6%)

 

0.143

Underlying disease

   

0.49‡

 

 None

132 (88.6%)

66 (90.4%)

66 (86.8%)

 

0.113

Cardiomyopathy or cirrhosis

17 (11.4%)

7 (9.6%)

10 (13.2%)

 

0.143

Antithrombotic drugs

   

0.091‡

 

 None or discontinuation

143 (96.0%)

72 (98.6%)

71 (93.4%)

 

0.268

 Continuation

6 (4.0%)

1 (1.4%)

5 (6.6%)

 

0.268

Location of lesions

   

0.055†

 

 Upper

24 (16.1%)

12 (16.4%)

12 (15.8%)

 

0.0163

 Middle

54 (36.2%)

33 (45.2%)

21 (27.6%)

 

0.372

 Lower

71 (47.7%)

28 (38.4%)

43 (56.6%)

 

0.371

Position of lesions

   

0.44†

 

 Lesser curvature

60 (40.2%)

30 (41.1%)

30 (39.5%)

 

0.0326

 Greater curvature

38 (25.5%)

22 (30.1%)

16 (21.1%)

 

0.207

 Anterior wall

29 (19.5%)

11 (15.1%)

18 (23.7%)

 

0.219

 Posterior wall

22 (14.8%)

10 (13.7%)

12 (15.8%)

 

0.0592

Morphology

   

0.27†

 

 Protruding

55 (36.9%)

30 (41.1%)

25 (32.9%)

 

0.170

 Flat

1 (0.7%)

1 (1.4%)

0 (0%)

 

0.169

 Depressed

93 (63.4%)

42 (57.5%)

51 (67.1%)

 

0.199

Histology

   

0.68‡

 

 Differentiated

144 (96.6%)

70 (95.9%)

74 (97.4%)

 

0.0834

 Undifferentiated

5 (3.4%)

3 (4.1%)

2 (2.6%)

 

0.0834

Lesion size (mm)

     

 Mean ± SD

16.6 ± 10.0

17.2 ± 9.3

16.1 ± 10.6

0.49¶

0.110

 Median (range)

15 (3–77)

15 (3–40)

14 (4–77)

0.27§

 

Specimen size (mm)

     

 Mean ± SD

39.0 ± 12.0

39.8 ± 11.6

38.2 ± 12.4

0.42¶

0.133

 Median (range)

36 (17–110)

40 (17–75)

35 (20–110)

0.35§

 

Depth

   

0.68†

 

 pT1a

132 (88.6%)

63 (86.3%)

69 (90.8%)

 

0.0724

 pT1b1

7 (4.7%)

4 (5.5%)

3 (3.9%)

 

0.0757

 pT1b2

10 (6.7%)

6 (8.2%)

4 (5.3%)

 

0.116

Presence of ulceration

17 (11.4%)

10 (13.7%)

7 (9.2%)

0.45‡

0.142

Operator level

   

< 0.001‡

 

 Experts

70 (47.0%)

47 (64.4%)

23 (30.3%)

 

0.727

Electrosurgical unit

   

0.009‡

 

 VIO 300D

128 (85.9%)

57 (78.1%)

71 (93.4%)

 

0.450

 ICC200

21 (14.1%)

16 (21.9%)

5 (6.6%)

 

0.450

  1. ESD endoscopic submucosal dissection, ESD-M endoscopic submucosal dissection with Splash-M knife, ESD-F endoscopic submucosal dissection with Flush Knife BT, SD standard deviation ASD absolute standardized difference
  2. p value was calculated using the χ2 test † and Fisher’s exact test ‡ for categorical data
  3. p value was calculated using the t test ¶ and the Mann-Whitney U test § for continuous data
  4. pT1a, tumor invasion is within mucosa; pT1b1, tumor invasion is within 0.5 mm of the muscularis mucosae; pT1b2, tumor invasion is 0.5 mm or deeper into the muscularis mucosae