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Fig. 5 | BMC Gastroenterology

Fig. 5

From: Noninvasive biomarkers of gut barrier function identify two subtypes of patients suffering from diarrhoea predominant-IBS: a case-control study

Fig. 5

Urinary markers of gastrointestinal barrier function in HC, D-IBS(−),D-IBS(+) patients, and CD patients HC = healthy controls. D-IBS = diarrhoea-predominant IBS. D-IBS patients with a Lactulose to Mannitol ratio lower than 0.035 were considered D-IBS(−). D-IBS patients with a ratio value equal to or higher than 0.035 were considered as D-IBS(+). CD = celiac disease. Urinary parameters of gastrointestinal permeability are expressed as percentages of ingested sugars recovered in urine: A mannitol (%Ma), B lactulose (%La), C the La/Ma ratio, and D sucrose (%Su). Data are expressed as Mean ± SEM and analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s Multiple Comparison Test. Means sharing the same superscript are not significantly different from each other (p < 0.05, Dunn’s test)

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