Table 1 Anthropometric and clinical data (GSRS items) of HC, D-IBS, and CD patients

 Sex

7/13 (M/F)

6/33 (M/F)

6/26 (M/F)

 Age (yrs.)

39.7 ± 7.2^a

40.05 ± 12.2^a

35.9 ± 3.71^a

 BMI

23.8 ± 2.9^a

23.9 ± 3.3^a

22.39 ± 3.65^a

 Nausea/vomiting

1.0 (1–1)^a

1.0 (1–6)^b

1.0 (1–6)^b

 Abdominal pain (colic pain)

1.0 (1–1)^a

3.0 (1–7)^b

2.0 (1–7)^b

 Gastric hunger pain

1.0 (1–1)^a

2.0 (1–7)^b

2.0 (1–7)^b

 Abdominal distension

1.0 (1–1)^a

5.0 (1–7)^b

5.0 (1–7)^b

 Burping

1.0 (1–1)^a

2.0 (1–7)^b

1.0 (1–7)^b

 Borborygmi

1.0 (1–1)^a

3.0 (1–7)^b

3.0 (1–7)^b

 Flatulence

1.0 (1–1)^a

4.0 (1–7)^b

4.0 (1–7)^b

 Increased passage of stools

1.0 (1–1)^a

1.0 (1–7)^b

2.0 (1–7)^b

 Bristol score

3.0 (3–4)^a

4.0 (3–7)^b

4.0 (2–7)^b

 Urgent bowel movement

1.0 (1–1)^a

3.0 (1–7)^b

3.0 (1–7)^b

 Feeling of incomplete defecation

1.0 (1–1)^a

3.0 (1–7)^b

2.5 (1–5)^b

 Abdominal pain

6.0 (6–6)^a

14 (6–25)^b

13.5 (6–29)^b

 Indigestion syndrome

6.0 (6–6)^a

19.0 (7–38)^b

20.0 (7–42)^b

 syndrome

3.0 (3–3)^a

5.0 (3–21)^b

6.5 (3–19)^b