From: Risk factor for steatorrhea in pediatric chronic pancreatitis patients
Predictors | n (%) | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
P | HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | ||
Gender (male) | 124 (48.4%) | 0.411 | 0.353 (0.029–4.233) |  |  |
Age at the onset of CP, ya | 11.573 ± 4.702 | 0.104 | 1.121 (0.977–1.286) | 0.135 |  |
Age at the diagnosis of CP, ya | 18.141 ± 6.762 | 0.235 | 0.880 (0.712–1.087) |  |  |
Smoking history | 14 (5.5%) | 0.510 | 4.355 (0.055–346.356) |  |  |
Alcohol consumption | Â | 0.899 | Â | Â | Â |
 0 g/d | 241 (94.1%) | Control |  |  | |
 0-20 g/d | 5 (2.0%) | 0.447 | 0.036 (0.000–2.373E3) |  |  |
 20-80 g/d | 7 (2.7%) | 0.716 | 0.043 (0.000–1.029E6) |  |  |
  > 80 g/d | 3 (1.2%) | 0.735 | 0.042 (0.000–3.846E6) |  |  |
Body mass indexa | 19.304 ± 3.338 | 0.738 | 0.931 (0.611–1.419) |  |  |
Etiology | Â | 0.579 | Â | Â | Â |
 ICP | 220 (85.9%) | Control |  |  | |
 ACP | 2 (0.8%) | 0.710 | 2.081 (0.043–99.757) |  |  |
 Abnormal anatomy of pancreatic duct | 22 (8.6%) | 0.690 | 2.271 (0.040–127.502) |  |  |
 HCP | 7 (2.7%) | 0.912 | 1.375 (0.005–401.007) |  |  |
 Post-traumatic CP | 3 (1.2%) | 1.000 | 1.008 (0.000–2.361E5) |  |  |
 Hyperlipidemic CP | 2 (0.8%) | 0.065 | 208.297 (0.719–6.036E4) |  |  |
Initial manifestations | Â | 0.859 | Â | Â | Â |
 Abdominal pain | 249 (97.3%) | 0.978 | 1.392E3 (0.000–9.416E228) |  |  |
 Endocrine dysfunction | 5 (2.0%) | 0.972 | 1.175E4 (0.000–8.352E229) |  |  |
 Others | 2 (0.8%) |  |  |  | |
Pancreatic stonesbc | 170 (66.4%) | 0.582 | 1.540 (0.331–7.173) |  |  |
Biliary strictureb | 9 (3.5%) | 0.678 | 0.045 (0.000–1.013E5) |  |  |
DMb | 8 (3.1%) | 0.015 | 51.140 (2.172–1.203E3) | 0.806 |  |
Pancreatic pseudocystb | 26 (10.2%) | 0.762 | 1.389 (0.165–11.705) |  |  |
Morphology of MPD | Â | 0.633 | Â | Â | Â |
 Pancreatic stone alone | 82 (32.0%) | 0.329 | 0.082 (0.001–12.473) |  |  |
 MPD stenosis alone | 52 (20.3%) | 0.350 | 0.060 (0.000–21.656) |  |  |
 MPD stenosis and stone | 113 (44.1%) | 0.584 | 0.229 (0.001–44.967) |  |  |
 Complex pathologic changes | 9 (3.5%) | Control |  |  | |
Type of painb | Â | 0.845 | Â | Â | Â |
 Recurrent acute pancreatitis | 93 (36.3%) | 0.571 | 0.218 (0.001–42.016) |  |  |
 Recurrent pain | 48 (18.8%) | 0.950 | 1.167 (0.009–147.028) |  |  |
 Recurrent acute pancreatitis and pain | 92 (35.9%) | 0.854 | 0.637 (0.005–78.045) |  |  |
 Chronic pain | 10 (3.9%) | 0.670 | 0.123 (0.000–1.907E3) |  |  |
 Without pain | 13 (5.1%) | Control |  |  | |
Severe acute pancreatitisb | 7 (2.7%) | 0.023 | 13.946 (1.442–134.909) | 0.023 | 13.946 (1.442–134.909) |
Pancreatic duct successful drainagebd | 29 (11.3%) | 0.904 | 0.774 (0.012–50.413) |  |  |
Treatment strategy | Â | 0.873 | Â | Â | Â |
 Endotherapy alone | 44 (17.2%) | 0.876 | 0.739 (0.017–32.985) |  |  |
 Surgery alone | 11 (4.3%) | 0.621 | 0.231 (0.001–76.658) |  |  |
 Both endotherapy and surgery | 0 | 0.904 | 0.774 (0.012–51.413) |  |  |
 Conservative treatment | 201 (78.5%) | Control |  |  | |
DM in first−/second−/third-degree relatives | 29 (11.3%) | 0.489 | 0.042 (0.000–327.986) |  |  |
Pancreatic diseases in first−/second−/third-degree relatives (excluding hereditary CP) | 12 (4.7%) | 0.572 | 0.278 (0.003–23.531) |  |  |