| Hp positive | Hp negative |  |  | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | (%) | n | (%) | Total | P | |
Sex | ||||||
 Male | 1259 | 52.6 | 1133 | 47.4 | 2392 | 0.5974 |
 Female | 1247 | 51.9 | 1157 | 48.1 | 2404 |  |
Marriage status | ||||||
 Married | 2190 | 52.9 | 1950 | 47.1 | 4140 | 0.0243 |
 Single | 316 | 48.2 | 340 | 51.8 | 656 |  |
Education level | ||||||
 Primary school | 162 | 54.2 | 134 | 45.8 | 296 | 0.0128 |
 Middle/high school | 871 | 55.3 | 704 | 44.7 | 1575 |  |
 University/above | 1292 | 50.4 | 1272 | 49.6 | 2564 |  |
 No data | 181 | 50.1 | 180 | 49.9 | 361 |  |
Source of drinking water | ||||||
 Piped water | 1135 | 53.9 | 972 | 46.1 | 2107 | 0.0433 |
 Barreled water | 1368 | 50.9 | 1318 | 49.1 | 2686 |  |
Frequency of eating garlic | ||||||
 Never/seldom | 1974 | 51.5 | 1861 | 48.5 | 3835 | 0.0310 |
 Often/everyday | 532 | 55.4 | 429 | 44.6 | 961 |  |
Alcohol drinking | ||||||
 Yes | 832 | 54.7 | 689 | 45.3 | 1521 | 0.0207 |
 No | 1674 | 51.1 | 1601 | 48.9 | 3275 |  |
Cigarette smoking | ||||||
 Yes | 565 | 53.6 | 490 | 46.4 | 1055 | 0.3375 |
 No | 1941 | 51.9 | 1800 | 48.1 | 3741 |  |
Route of transmission | ||||||
 Unclear | 2351 | 52.7 | 2106 | 47.3 | 4457 | 0.0125 |
 Clear | 154 | 45.7 | 183 | 54.3 | 337 |  |
H. pylori-related diseases | ||||||
 Unclear | 2362 | 52.7 | 2122 | 47.3 | 4484 | 0.0257 |
 Clear | 144 | 46.2 | 168 | 53.8 | 312 |  |