Table 2 Clinical manifestation of pyogenic liver abscess and pleural effusion
From: Evaluation of clinical risk factors for developing pleural empyema secondary to liver abscess
Variables | PE (−) (N = 120) | PE (+) (N = 114) | Total (N = 234) | P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group1 (N = 120) | Simple PE (N = 78) | Complicated PE (N = 36) | Total (N = 114) | P-value | ||||||
Group1 (N = 120) | Group2 (N = 78) | Group3 (N = 26) | Group4 (N = 10) | Total (N = 36) | P-value | |||||
Initial findings | ||||||||||
WBC, /mm3 | 13,366 ± 7016 | 14,261 ± 6794 | 14,267 ± 4447 | 16,232 ± 6126 | 13,887 ± 6663 | 0.293 | 14,436 ± 6255 | 0.479 | 13,887 ± 6663 | 0.103 |
Neutrophil, /mm3 | 11,164 ± 6082 | 12,483 ± 6322 | 15,045 ± 14,692 | 14,033 ± 4685 | 12,126 ± 7527 | 0.123 | 13,175 ± 8748 | 0.399 | 12,126 ± 7527 | 0.023 |
CRP, mg/dL | 188 ± 79 | 206 ± 84 | 229 ± 71 | 286 ± 66 | 244 ± 73 | 0.462 | 219 ± 82 | 0.399 | 203 ± 82 | 0.007 |
First week follow-up | ||||||||||
WBC, /mm3 | 9254 ± 3410 | 11,109 ± 4549 | 12,610 ± 3770 | 19,506 ± 4558 | 14,526 ± 5500 | 0.001 | 12,188 ± 5100 | 0.001 | 10,696 ± 4558 | < 0.001 |
Neutrophil, /mm3 | 6589 ± 3276 | 8680 ± 4298 | 10,019 ± 4083 | 16,477 ± 4468 | 11,826 ± 5598 | 0.003 | 9725 ± 4960 | 0.003 | 8137 ± 4468 | < 0.001 |
CRP, mg/dL | 54 ± 54 | 89 ± 67 | 98 ± 63 | 173 ± 66 | 76 ± 66 | 0.007 | 98 ± 70 | 0.036 | 76 ± 66 | < 0.001 |
Second week follow-up | ||||||||||
WBC, /mm3 | 6484 ± 2111 | 7006 ± 2282 | 8011 ± 2270 | 10,332 ± 2607 | 8656 ± 2557 | 0.012 | 7541 ± 2487 | 0.001 | 7048 ± 2373 | 0.003 |
Neutrophil, /mm3 | 3816 ± 1816 | 4699 ± 2169 | 5340 ± 1956 | 7780 ± 2101 | 6037 ± 2263 | 0.003 | 5125 ± 2277 | 0.007 | 4512 ± 2170 | < 0.001 |
CRP, mg/dL | 11 ± 17 | 29 ± 32 | 35 ± 39 | 76 ± 47 | 47 ± 45 | 0.009 | 35 ± 38 | 0.039 | 24 ± 32 | < 0.001 |
Location of largest abscess | ||||||||||
Segmental location | 0.343 | 0.135 | 0.048 | |||||||
1 | 4 (3.3) | 1 (1.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 5 (2.1) | |||
2 | 8 (6.7) | 6 (7.7) | 3 (11.5) | 2 (20.0) | 5 (13.9) | 11 (9.6) | 19 (8.1) | |||
3 | 11 (9.2) | 3 (3.8) | 1 (3.8) | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 4 (3.5) | 15 (6.4) | |||
4 | 19 (15.8) | 14 (17.9) | 3 (11.5) | 0 | 3 (8.3) | 17 (14.9) | 36 (15.4) | |||
5 | 14 (11.7) | 3 (3.8) | 2 (7.7) | 2 (20.0) | 4 (11.1) | 7 (6.1) | 21 (9.0) | |||
6 | 23 (19.2) | 12 (15.4) | 3 (11.5) | 1 (10.0) | 4 (11.1) | 16 (14.0) | 39 (16.7) | |||
7 | 15 (12.5) | 16 (20.5) | 12 (46.2) | 2 (20.0) | 14 (38.9) | 30 (26.3) | 45 (19.2) | |||
8 | 26 (21.7) | 23 (29.5) | 2 (7.7) | 3 (30.0) | 5 (13.9) | 28 (24.6) | 54 (23.1) | |||
Association with diaphragm | 0.910 | 0.924 | 0.007 | |||||||
lower parts (1, 3, 5, 6) | 52 (43.3) | 19 (24.4) | 6 (23.1) | 3 (30.0) | 9 (25.0) | 28 (24.6) | 80 (34.2) | |||
Near Lt. diaphragm (2, 4) | 27 (22.5) | 20 (25.6) | 6 (23.1) | 2 (20.0) | 8 (22.2) | 28 (24.6) | 55 (23.5) | |||
Near Rt. diaphragm (7, 8) | 41 (34.2) | 39 (50.0) | 14 (53.8) | 5 (50.0) | 19 (52.8) | 58 (50.9) | 99 (42.3) | |||
Sectional locations | 0.303 | 0.167 | 0.500 | |||||||
Left lateral section (2, 3) | 19 (15.8) | 9 (11.5) | 4 (15.4) | 2 (20.0) | 6 (16.7) | 15 (13.2) | 34 (14.5) | |||
Left medial section (1, 4) | 23 (19.2) | 15 (19.2) | 3 (11.5) | 0 | 3 (8.3) | 18 (15.8) | 41 (17.5) | |||
Right anterior section (8, 5) | 40 (33.3) | 26 (33.3) | 4 (15.4) | 4 (40.0) | 8 (22.2) | 34 (29.8) | 74 (31.6) | |||
Right posterior section (6, 7) | 38 (31.7) | 28 (35.9) | 15 (57.7) | 4 (40.0) | 19 (52.8) | 47 (41.2) | 85 (36.3) | |||
Lobes | 1.000 | 0.658 | 0.331 | |||||||
Left lobe | 42 (35.0) | 24 (30.8) | 7 (26.9) | 2 (20.0) | 9 (25.0) | 33 (28.9) | 75 (32.1) | |||
Right lobe | 78 (65.0) | 54 (69.2) | 19 (73.1) | 8 (80.0) | 27 (75.0) | 81 (71.1) | 159 (67.9) | |||
Largest diameter of abscess (mm) | 56.8 ± 23.15 | 62.1 ± 26.40 | 69.9 ± 27.42 | 75.0 ± 25.55 | 71.3 ± 26.65 | 0.715 | 65.0 ± 26.71 | 0.073 | 60.8 ± 25.24 | 0.019 |
Number of abscess | 0.585 | 0.768 | 0.089 | |||||||
1 | 93 (77.5) | 58 (74.4) | 20 (76.9) | 9 (90.0) | 29 (80.6) | 87 (76.3) | 180 (76.9) | |||
2 | 16 (13.3) | 6 (7.7) | 2 (7.7) | 0 | 2 (5.6) | 8 (7.0) | 24 (10.3) | |||
≥ 3 | 11 (9.2) | 14 (17.9) | 4 (15.4) | 1 (10.0) | 5 (13.9) | 19 (16.7) | 30 (12.8) | |||
Culture results of abscess | 0.096 | 0.213 | 0.565 | |||||||
None | 25 (20.8) | 18 (23.1) | 4 (15.4) | 1 (10.0) | 5 (13.9) | 23 (20.2) | 48 (20.5) | |||
K. pneumoniae | 72 (60.0) | 42 (53.8) | 16 (61.5) | 3 (30.0) | 19 (52.8) | 61 (53.5) | 133 (56.8) | |||
Other gram (+) | 17 (14.2) | 16 (20.5) | 5 (19.2) | 3 (30.0) | 8 (22.2) | 24 (21.1) | 41 (17.5) | |||
Mixed | 6 (5.0) | 2 (2.6) | 1 (3.8) | 3 (30.0) | 4 (11.1) | 6 (5.3) | 12 (5.1) | |||
Blood culture results | 0.118 | 0.863 | 0.121 | |||||||
None | 81 (67.5) | 41 (52.6) | 17 (65.4) | 5 (50.0) | 22 (61.1) | 63 (55.3) | 144 (61.5) | |||
K. pneumoniae | 27 (22.5) | 29 (37.2) | 8 (30.8) | 3 (30.0) | 11 (30.6) | 40 (35.1) | 67 (28.6) | |||
Other gram (+) | 10 (8.3) | 5 (6.4) | 0 | 2 (20.0) | 2 (5.6) | 7 (6.1) | 17 (7.3) | |||
Mixed | 2 (1.7) | 3 (3.8) | 1 (3.8) | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 4 (3.5) | 6 (2.6) | |||
Recurrence of PLA | 4(3.3) | 3 (3.8) | 3 (11.5) | 2 (20.0) | 5 (13.9) | 0.603 | 8 (7.0) | 0.107 | 12 (5.1) | 0.244 |
Location of PE | 0.006 | 0.919 | ||||||||
Left | 3 (3.8) | 1 (3.8) | 1 (10.0) | 5 (5.6) | 5 (4.4) | |||||
Right | 42 (53.8) | 18 (69.2) | 1 (10.0) | 19 (52.8) | 61 (53.5) | |||||
Bilateral | 33 (42.3) | 7 (26.9) | 8 (80.0) | 15 (41.7) | 48 (42.1) | |||||
Presence of PE at diagnosis | 26 (33.3) | 10 (38.5) | 5 (50.0) | 15 (41.7) | 0.709 | 41 (36.0) | 0.408 | |||
First presence of PE (day) | 5.5 ± 5.61 | 6.0 ± 8.49 | 5.3 ± 6.1 | 5.8 ± 7.82 | 0.821 | 5.6 ± 6.35 | 0.857 | |||
PAD duration | 16.5 ± 34.45 | 18.4 ± 13.33 | 21.1 ± 8.52 | 28.1 ± 5.20 | 23.0 ± 8.30 | 0.014 | 19.9 ± 12.13 | 0.001 | 18.1 ± 26.08 | < 0.001 |