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Table 3 Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of adult patients presenting with UGIB

From: Profile and outcome of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding presenting to urban emergency departments of tertiary hospitals in Tanzania

VARIABLE

FREQUENCY (%)

Age (yrs.)

 Median age

42 years (IQR 32–64)

  > 40 years

64 (52.0%)

Sex

 Male

87 (70.7%)

Referral Status

 Hospital referred

77 (62.6%)

Insurance Status

 Uninsured

99 (80.5%)

Presenting Complaint

 Hematemesis

34 (27.6%)

 Melena

33 (26.8%)

 Hematochezia

11 (8.9%)

 Hematemesis and Melena

39 (31.7%)

 Hematemesis and Hematochezia

6 (4.9%)

 Active Bleeding episode in ED

8 (6.5%)

Vital Signs

 Tachycardia (HR > 100 /min)

56 (45.5%)

 Hypotension (SBP < 100 mmHg)

23 (18.7%)

 Sp02 < 90%

6 (4.89%)

Medical history

 PUD

39 (40.2%)

 UGIB

25 (25.8%)

 Esophageal Varices

17 (17.5%)

 Liver disease

12 (10.3%)

 Others

51 (52.6%)

 UGI endoscopy

20 (16.3%)

 Band ligation

4 (3.3%)

Clinical Rockall Score (n = 123)

 3–4

63 (51.2%)

  < 3

52 (42.3%)

  > 4

8 (6.5%)

Glasgow-Blatchford Score (n = 82)*

  ≥ 3

71 (86.6%)

  < 3

11 (13.4%)

  1. *Cut-off value for GBS severity determined as per the study by Ramfrez et al. [20]