Table 4 The characteristics of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease participants compared to those with no liver involvement in the non-excessive alcohol consumption group
| Â | NAFLD | No NAFLD | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
N = 506 | N = 713 | ||
Age (years)—mean (95% CI) | 30.00 (29.28–30.72) | 27.53 (26.83–28.24) |  < 0.001 |
Male—% (95% CI) | 58.09 (50.92–64.92) | 46.55 (40.47–52.74) | 0.016 |
BMI (kg/m2)—mean (95% CI) | 34.116 (32.80–35.43) | 25.58 (24.85–26.3) |  < 0.001 |
Race/ethnicity—% (95% CI) | |||
Non-Hispanic White | 50.39 (41.47–59.28) | 58.82 (51.21–66.04) | 0.001 |
Non-Hispanic Black | 9.56 (5.91–15.11) | 14.41 (10.7–19.13) |  |
Hispanic | 29.08 (21.19–38.49) | 17.77 (13.15–23.57) |  |
Non-Hispanic Asian | 6.14 (4.15–8.98) | 4.39 (2.54–7.49) |  |
Non-Hispanic other | 4.83 (3.23–7.16) | 4.6 (2.8–7.48) |  |
Smoking status—% (95% CI) | |||
Never | 59.88 (51.56–67.67) | 67.02 (60.11–73.28) | 0.054 |
Former | 22.4 (16.56–29.56) | 14.81 (10.25–20.93) |  |
Current | 17.72 (12.97–23.74) | 18.16 (14.29–22.8) |  |
Lab values—mean (95% CI) | |||
Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.46 (0.41–0.5) | 0.49 (0.45–0.54) | 0.172 |
AST (IU/L) | 23.9 (22.4–25.4) | 20.62 (19.02–22.23) | 0.018 |
ALT (IU/L) | 31.15 (27.29–35.01) | 19.26 (17.78–20.73) |  < 0.001 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 4.14 (4.06–4.22) | 4.23 (4.17–4.28) | 0.020 |
MCV (fL) | 86.34 (85.53–87.15) | 88.43 (87.78–89.08) |  < 0.001 |
Platelet count (103 cells/uL) | 265.58 (254.51–276.64) | 245.45 (239.04–251.86) |  < 0.001 |
HbA1C (%) | 5.46 (5.37–5.55) | 5.21 (5.18–5.24) |  < 0.001 |