Table 5 a) Unadjusted and b) adjusted association between liver fibrosis status and CD4+ T-cell subsets reflecting immunosenesence among art-naïve PLWHA with recent heavy alcohol use
a) | CD4+ CD28- CD57+ (as % of CD4+) | CD4+ Memory (as % of CD4+) | CD4+ Naïve (as % of CD4+) | CD4+ Naïve:Memory ratio | ||||
Unadjusted Mean Differencea (95% CI) | P-value | Unadjusted Mean Difference (95% CI) | P-value | Unadjusted Mean Difference (95% CI) | P-value | Unadjusted Mean Differencea (95% CI) | P-value | |
No advanced fibrosis/ cirrhosis | 1 (referent group) | 1 (referent group) | 1 (referent group) | 1 (referent group) | ||||
Advanced fibrosis/ cirrhosis | 0.81 (0.39, 1.70) | 0.58 | 2.95 (−4.09, 10.0) | 0.41 | −3.83 (−9.28, 1.61) | 0.17 | 0.95 (0.63, 1.44) | 0.81 |
b) | CD4+ CD28- CD57+ (as % of CD4+) | CD4+ Memory (as % of CD4+) | CD4+ Naïve (as % of CD4+) | CD4+ Naïve:Memory ratio/CD4+ | ||||
Adjusted Mean Differencea (95% CI) | P-value | Adjusted Mean Difference (95% CI) | P-value | Adjusted Mean Difference (95% CI) | P-value | Adjusted Mean Differencea (95% CI) | P-value | |
No advanced fibrosis/ cirrhosis | 1 (referent group) | 1 (referent group) | 1 (referent group) | 1 (referent group) | ||||
Advanced fibrosis/ cirrhosis | 1.00 (0.48, 2.07) | 1.00 | 2.15 (−4.89, 9.19) | 0.55 | −3.38 (−8.67, 1.91) | 0.21 | 1.00 (0.66, 1.52) | 0.99 |
Age/years | 1.05 (1.00, 1.10) | 0.07 | 0.32 (−0.15, 0.79) | 0.18 | −0.37 (− 0.79, 0.04) | 0.08 | 0.98 (0.96, 1.01) | 0.22 |
Female sex | 0.89 (0.46, 1.73) | 0.73 | −2.42 (−8.86, 4.02) | 0.46 | 2.97 (− 2.62, 8.57) | 0.30 | 1.14 (0.78, 1.67) | 0.49 |
Log10(HIV-1 RNA) | 0.91 (0.70, 1.18) | 0.49 | 0.79 (−1.75, 3.33) | 0.54 | −0.59 (− 2.58, 1.41) | 0.56 | 1.00 (0.86, 1.17) | 0.96 |
Heavy drinking | 0.91 (0.34, 2.39) | 0.84 | −4.87 (−14.23, 4.50) | 0.31 | 5.36 (−2.71, 13.43) | 0.19 | 1.27 (0.73, 2.21) | 0.40 |
Injection drug use | 1.09 (0.56, 2.11) | 0.80 | −3.11 (−9.50, 3.27) | 0.34 | 3.53 (−1.9, 8.96) | 0.20 | 1.16 (0.80, 1.69) | 0.43 |
Current smoking | 0.80 (0.34, 1.91) | 0.62 | 1.75 (−6.65, 10.15) | 0.68 | −2.3 (−9.75, 5.16) | 0.55 | 0.92 (0.56, 1.51) | 0.73 |
Years since HIV diagnosis | 0.98 (0.93, 1.04) | 0.55 | −0.06 (− 0.63, 0.51) | 0.83 | 0.11 (− 0.38, 0.6) | 0.66 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.04) | 0.83 |
Hepatitis C | 0.37 (0.14, 0.93) | 0.04 | −2.57 (−11.59, 6.45) | 0.58 | 3.49 (−4.52, 11.5) | 0.39 | 1.14 (0.67, 1.94) | 0.63 |
Hepatitis B | 0.62 (0.32, 1.19) | 0.15 | 5.69 (−0.62, 12.01) | 0.08 | −5.04 (−10.39, 0.3) | 0.06 | 0.74 (0.51, 1.07) | 0.11 |
Shingles | 1.41 (0.70, 2.84) | 0.34 | 6.13 (−0.63, 12.90) | 0.08 | −5.51 (−11.32, 0.31) | 0.06 | 0.71 (0.47, 1.05) | 0.09 |
Tuberculosis | 0.93 (0.38, 2.24) | 0.86 | 1.45 (−7.10, 10.01) | 0.74 | −3.64 (−10.84, 3.56) | 0.32 | 0.82 (0.50, 1.37) | 0.46 |