Table 2 Characteristics of included clinical studies

James et al. [49]

NR

29 (10/19)

41 (26–66)^†

38 (18–72)^‡

41

NR

In remission

Two arm randomized cross-over trial

Ulcerative colitis patients

(i) High dose RS

(ii) Low dose RS

Healthy controls

(i) High dose RS

(ii) Low dose RS

Clarke et al. [48]

NR

7

56 (37–81)

14

NR

In remission

Single arm, cross over

Ulcerative colitis & crohn’s disease patients

(i) HAMS

(ii) LAMS

(iii) Acetylated HAMS

(iv) Propionylated HAMS

(v) Butyrylated HAMS

Hanai et al. [46]

3

59 (37/22)

40.7 (2.3)^†§

42.5 (2.9)^‡§

58

NR

In remission

Two-arm

Ulcerative colitis patients

GBF-supplemented diet

Regular diet

Hallert [47]

3

32 (10/22)

43 (21–64)^†

44 (20–77)^‡

59

6 months

In remission

Two-arm

Ulcerative colitis patients

Oat bran-supplemented diet

Regular diet

Kanauchi [38, 45]

8

21

42.5 (2.9)^§

NR

NR

No change in disease activity for at least 4-weeks prior to trial

Single arm

Ulcerative colitis patients

GBF-supplemented diet

Silvester et al. [43]

1

6

50 (39–59)

17

NR

Unclear

Randomized single arm, cross over trial

Ulcerative colitis patients

(i) High RS

(ii) Regular diet

(iii) Potato flour

(iv) Low RS

(v) Medium RS

Mitsuyama et al. [44]

1

10

44.1 (26–67)

50

2 months

Unclear

single arm

Ulcerative colitis patients

GBF-supplemented diet