Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analyses of different parameters for OS

Age (years)

 < 60

1

 ≥ 60

0.05

0.89–4.36

Gender

 Female

1

 Male

0.39

0.66–2.90

Tumor location

 Right

1

 Left

0.19

0.21–1.38

Histological grade

 Well + moderate

1

 Poor

0.15

0.81–3.98

CEA status

 Normal

1

1

 Elevated

< 0.01

1.30–5.18

0.05

1.00–4.15

Invasive depth

 T₁₊₂

1

 T₃₊₄

0.02

1.34–23.50

Tumor diameter (cm)

 < 4

1

 ≥ 4

0.09

0.90–4.15

Node involvement

 N₀

1

1

 N₁₊₂

0.01

1.23–4.96

0.02

1.14–4.71

Distant metastasis

 M0

1

1

 M1

< 0.01

4.77–24.61

< 0.01

2.95–15.91

TNM stage

 I + II

1

 II + IV

< 0.01

1.46–6.21

BMI (kg/m²)

0.07

0.82–1.01

Preoperative measures

 NLR

0.11

0.99–1.16

 LMR

0.14

0.66–1.06

 PNI

< 0.01

0.87–0.96

< 0.01

0.87–0.98

Tregs intratumor

0.03

0.95–1.00

0.04

0.95–1.00

Tregs in TDLNs

0.77

0.99–1.01