PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 genetic variants and hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in Pakistani chronic hepatitis C patients: a genetic association study

Table 5 Risk factors for the development of significant hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in the present CHC cohort

Risk factor	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Significant hepatic fibrosis (≥ F2)
Univariate regression analysis
Age (years)	1.06 (1.04–1.08)	0.000
Male (n, %)	1.36 (0.95–1.93)	0.09
BMI	1.05 (1.02–1.09)	0.005
HCV-RNA (log₁₀)†	1.24 (1.06–1.45)	0.008
PNPLA3 rs738409 (Dominant model)	1.24 (0.86–1.78)	0.25
TM6SF2 rs58542926 (Recessive model)	1.28 (0.18–9.14)	0.81
Multivariate regression analysis
Age (years)	1.06 (1.04–1.08)	0.000
Male (n, %)	1.54 (1.04–2.28)	0.033
BMI	1.06 (1.02–1.10)	0.006
HCV-RNA (log₁₀)^a	1.20 (1.01–1.42)	0.040
PNPLA3 rs738409 (Dominant model)	1.39 (0.94–2.07)	0.10
TM6SF2 rs58542926 (Recessive model)	1.38 (0.16–11.80)	0.09
Hepatic cirrhosis (F4)
Univariate regression analysis
Age (years)	1.05 (1.03–1.07)	0.000
Male (n, %)	1.39 (0.91–2.12)	0.12
BMI	1.04 (1.00–1.09)	0.036
HCV-RNA (log₁₀)†	1.06 (0.89–1.28)	0.51
PNPLA3 rs738409 (Recessive model)	1.09 (0.48–2.50)	0.84
TM6SF2 rs58542926 (Dominant model)	1.38 (0.77–2.45)	0.28
Multivariate regression analysis
Age (years)	1.05 (1.03–1.07)	0.000
Male (n, %)	1.58 (1.01–2.48)	0.046
BMI	1.05 (1.01–1.10)	0.028
PNPLA3 rs738409 (Recessive model)	1.48 (0.62–3.54)	0.38
TM6SF2 rs58542926 (Dominant model)	1.43 (0.78–2.63)	0.25

95% CI 95% confidence interval; BMI body mass index; CHC chronic hepatitis C; OR odds ratio
Statistically significant p-values are presented in bold text
^†Log-transformed values of HCV-RNA viral load are represented here which were originally estimated in IU/ml units

ISSN: 1471-230X