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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients stratified by sex and menopause

From: Sex- and reproductive status-specific relationships between body composition and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

 

1. Men (n = 355)

2. Pre-menopausal women (n = 417)

3. Post-menopausal women (n = 108)

P valuea

Post-hocb

     

1 vs. 2

1 vs. 3

2 vs. 3

Demographic parameter

       

Age (year)

39 (31, 49)

33 (28, 38)

57 (53, 63)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Body parameters

       

BMI (kg/m2)

29.5 (26.1, 33.1)

30.1 (27.0, 32.9)

25.4 (22.95, 28.45)

<0.001

1.000

<0.001

<0.001

WC (cm)

100.5 (91.4, 112.1)

98.0 (90.4, 106.5)

86.7 (80.55, 94.55)

<0.001

0.002

<0.001

<0.001

PBF (%)

31.5 (27.3, 35.9)

41.0 (36.9, 44.5)

37.5 (33.5, 39.8)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

VFA (cm2)

120.0 (90.4, 161.5)

160.1 (126.8, 188.7)

121.0 (100.1, 143.9)

<0.001

<0.001

1.000

<0.001

ASM (kg)

33.3 (29.8, 37.5)

25.2 (22.8, 27.7)

21.2 (19.3, 23.3)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

ASMI (kg/m²)

8.6 (7.9, 9.3)

7.3 (6.8, 7.9)

6.4 (5.9, 6.9)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

FM (kg)

27.6 (20.7, 35.4)

31.9 (26.0, 37.9)

22.9 (19.3, 27.7)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

FFM (kg)

59.1 (53.2, 66.5)

45.8 (41.8, 50.2)

39.5 (36.2, 43.0)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

FFM/FM

2.18 (1.79, 2.66)

1.44 (1.25, 1.71)

1.66 (1.51, 1.99)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.004

Biochemical parameters

       

ALT (U/L)

36 (22, 61)

24 (15, 41)

20 (15, 32)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.024

AST (U/L)

23 (18, 35)

19 (15, 26)

20 (17, 26)

0.001

0.016

0.005

0.516

AKP (U/L)

80 (67, 99)

75 (62, 88)

86 (76, 101)

<0.001

<0.001

0.101

<0.001

GGT (U/L)

41 (25, 66)

26 (17, 42)

21 (16, 35)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

1.000

FBG (mmol/L)

5.89 (5.52, 7.41)

5.30 (4.95, 5.85)

6.68 (5.68, 8.03)

<0.001

<0.001

0.365

<0.001

FINS (µIU/mL)

10.28 (6.57, 16.69)

12.18 (7.89, 18.84)

7.02 (4.59, 10.75)

<0.001

0.592

<0.001

<0.001

HOMA-IR

2.94 (1.85, 4.65)

2.95 (1.90, 4.84)

1.98 (1.34, 3.21)

0.062

   

TG (mmol/L)

2.01 (1.30, 2.91)

1.36 (0.98, 2.00)

1.54 (1.08, 2.09)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

1.000

TC (mmol/L)

4.99 (4.42, 5.71)

4.93 (4.43, 5.58)

5.37 (4.36, 5.90)

0.236

   

HDL (mmol/L)

1.23 (1.08, 1.42)

1.39 (1.22, 1.54)

1.49 (1.34, 1.74)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

LDL (mmol/L)

3.10 (2.62, 3.64)

3.01 (2.54, 3.49)

3.04 (2.37, 3.66)

0.172

   

Concomitant diseases

       

T2DM

239 (67.3)

156 (37.4)

92 (85.2)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Dyslipidemia

180 (50.7)

115 (27.6)

36 (33.3)

<0.001

<0.001

0.002

0.239

Fibroscan

       

CAP (dB/m)

313 (263, 344)

296 (250, 332)

267 (231, 306)

<0.001

0.003

<0.001

<0.001

E (kPa)

6.3 (4.9, 8.1)

5.3 (4.3, 6.9)

5.3 (4.2, 6.4)

<0.001

<0.001

0.001

0.953

Steatosis

   

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Grade 0

99 (27.9)

147 (35.3)

55 (50.9)

    

Grade 1

26 (7.3)

32 (7.7)

17 (15.7)

    

Grade 2

52 (14.7)

95 (22.8)

16 (14.8)

    

Grade 3

178 (50.1)

143 (34.3)

20 (18.5)

    

Fibrosis

   

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.179

Stage 0

200 (56.34)

302 (72.4)

84 (77.8)

    

Stage 1

43 (12.11)

40 (9.6)

9 (8.3)

    

Stage 2

60 (16.90)

46 (11.0)

10 (9.3)

    

Stage 3

37 (10.42)

18 (4.3)

4 (3.7)

    

Stage 4

15 (4.23)

11 (2.6)

1 (0.9)

    
  1. Values are presented as the median (interquartile range) or frequency (percentage)
  2. BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; PBF: percent body fat; VFA: visceral fat area; ASM: appendicular skeletal muscle mass; ASMI: appendicular skeletal muscle mass index; FM: fat mass; FFM: fat free mass; FFM/FM: fat free mass to fat mass ratio; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; AKP: alkaline phosphatase; GGT: γ­glutamyl transferase; FBG: fasting blood glucose; FINS: fasting insulin; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; TG: triglyceride; TC: total cholesterol; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; CAP: controlled attenuation parameter; E: elasticity
  3. (a) P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant; (b) For multiple testing of post hoc analyses, p < 0.0167 (0.05/3) was considered statistically significant
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BMC Gastroenterology

ISSN: 1471-230X

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