Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
From: Alcohol increases treatment failure for Helicobacter pylori eradication in Asian populations
Author (year) | Study design | Country | Men/women | % of patients with peptic ulcer (No.) | Number of participants | Odd ratios (95% CI) | Treatment options | Method for assessing HP eradication | Interval for assessing HP eradication after therapy | Alcohol consumption | NOS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | Drinker | Non–drinker | ||||||||||
Cutler et al. (1993) [14] l | P | US | 57/39 54.1 ± 1.5 | 71 (68/96) | 33 | 63 | 1.62 (0.54–4.82) | BMT-14d | Endoscopy/UBT | 4 weeks | clinic records | 7 |
Labenz et al (1994) [19] | P | Germany | 183/222 20–90 | 94.6 (383/405) | 94 | 311 | 1.68 (1.01–2.79) | PPI, AMO-7/14d | RUT, histology, UBT | at least 4 weeks | NM | 6 |
Hazell et al. (1997) [20] | P | UK | 56/45 21–71 | 27.7(28/101) | 41 | 60 | 0.83 (0.25–2.73) | PPI, placebo -14d + PPI, AMO-14d PPI, placebo -14d + PPI, placebo-14d | Endoscopy | 4 weeks | NM | 5 |
Olafsson et al. (1999) [21] | P | Norway | 108/75 21–85 | 57 (104/184) | 113 | 52 | 5.5 (0.69–43.78) | RBC400OM-10d RBC400SM + 10d RBC200OM-10d RBC200SM-10d | UBT | 8 weeks | 4L/year | 7 |
Kamada et al. (1999) [22] | P | Japan | 95/42 22–75 | 58 (79/137) | 61 | 76 | 1.27 (0.60–2.67) | PCA-7d | UBT | At least 4 weeks | patient interview | 7 |
Fallone et al. (2000) [23] | P | Canada | 65/22 16–90 | 100 (98/98) | 45 | 42 | 0.57 (0.22–1.48) | BIS, MET, AMO, BIS, MET + 1 placebo, MET + 2 placebos | Gastric biopsies | Every 3 months for 1 year | > 2 g/day | 5 |
Perri et al (2001) [24] | P | Italy | NM 26–75 | 35 (46/132) | NM | NM | 0.94 (0.58–1.53) | PCA-7d | UBT | 4–6 weeks | patient interview | 5 |
Maconi et al. (2001) [25] | P | Italy | 7/59 47.05/48.05 | 50 (71/142) | 34 | 95 | 0.45 (0.12–1.76) | PCA-7d/14d | UBT | 1 month + 3 month | outpatient clinic records | 7 |
Silva et al. (2001) [15] | P | Brazil | 68/132 16–80 | 100 (200/200) | 29 | 161 | 0.66 (0.27–1.58) | PPI, CLA, TIN -7d | Histology/RUT | 10–12 weeks | standard questionnaire | 6 |
Mantzaris et al. (2002) [26] | P | Greece | 139/138 16–70 | 100 (149/149) | 58 | 91 | 1.10 (0.25–4.80) | PAC-10d PBMT-10d | Histology, IMM, CLO | 10–12 weeks + 12 month /21–24 months | social alcohol | 5 |
Queiroz et al. (2002) [27] | P | Brazil | 39/58 40.5/45.1 | 60 (58/97) | 43 | 54 | 0.77 (0.23–2.59) | PPI, CLA, FUR-14d | UBT | 3 months | In- and outpatient clinic records | 7 |
Baena et al. (2002) [28] | P | Spain | 79/77 47.2 years | 56.4 (88/156) | 49 | 107 | 0.33 (0.13–0.84) | PCA-7d | UBT | 4–8 weeks | 18.2 g of pure alcohol per day | 6 |
Lin et al. (2002) [43] | P | Taiwan, China | 48/30 53.4 years | NM | 10 | 68 | 1.30 (0.24–6.94) | PBCA-7d | RUT, histology | 8 weeks | > 80 g/day | 6 |
Broutet et al. (2003) [29] | RE | France | 1726/761 18–87 | 67 (1838/2751) | 782 | 1364 | 0.91 (0.75–1.12) | PPI, AMO, ROX-10d/7d PPI, AMO, AZI-10d/7d | UBT | 4–6 weeks | Currently | 6 |
Hsu et al. (2005) [44] | P | Taiwan, China | 133/67 ≥ 18 years | 46 (91/200) | 23 | 177 | 3.86 (1.40–10.64) | PCA-7d | Endoscopy/UBT | 8 weeks | ≥ 80 g/day | 6 |
Manes et al. (2005) [8] | P | Italy | 171/148 19–79 | NM | 16 | 307 | 1.67 (0.52–5.4) | PPI, CLA, TIN-7d | UBT | 4–6 weeks | Outpatient clinic records | 5 |
Ishioka et al. (2007) [30] | RE | Japan | 510/91 51.5 ± 9.3 50.7 ± 10.2 | 100 (601/601) | 334 | 267 | 0.9 (0.6–1.5) | PCA-7d | UBT | 1–2 months | Standard questionnaire | 7 |
Namiot et al. (2008) [31] | P | Poland | 155/82 52.2 ± 14.6 47.9 ± 13.9 50.4 ± 15.4 | 100 (237/237) | 103 | 134 | 0.48 (0.25–0.93) | OAT/OAC/OCT-7d | Endoscopy | 4 weeks | 25 g or more alcohol per week | 6 |
Singh et al. (2008) [32] | CC | India | 60/7 39.9 + 13.6 | 100 (67/67) | 26 | 41 | 2.19 (0.79–6.03) | PPI, AMO, TIN-7d | Endoscopy | 4 weeks | More than 30 g in a week | 6 |
Gatta et al. (2010) [33] | P | Italy | 110/118 29–53 | 41.7 (95/228) | 175 | 53 | 2.01 (0.85–4.70) | PCA-7d | UBT | 4 weeks | NM | 6 |
Lee et al. (2014) [45] | P | Korea | 1153/1049 52.9 ± 12.8 | 34.5 (758/2202) | 37 | 2165 | 0.36 (0.11–1.19) | PCA-7d | UBT | 4 weeks | More than 100 g of alcohol a week | 5 |
Lim et al. (2015) [34] | P | Korea | 51/47 | 15.3 (15/98) | 17 | 81 | 1.33 (0.45–3.86) | PPI, AMO, MOX-7/14d | UBT | 4 weeks | NM | 5 |
Kim et al. (2015) [35] | RE | Korea | 901/512 14–86 | 74 (1041/1413) | 513 | 608 | 1.12 (0.74–1.69) | PCA-7d | UBT/RUT | 4 weeks | Clinic records | 5 |
Pan et al. (2015) [11] | P | China | 76,485/89787 25–54 | NM | 8866 | 34,976 | 1.16 (1.08–1.23) | PBMT-10d | UBT | 45 days | Standard questionnaire | 8 |
Tsai et al. (2016) [36] | RE | Taiwan, China | 68/68 57.1 ± 11.3 | 35.3 (48/136) | 90 | 502 | 3.786 (1.126–12.690) 0.59 (0.27–1.29) | PCA-7d | Endoscopy/UBT | 4-8 weeks | > 80 g/day in men > 40 g/day in women | 8 |
Huh et al. (2016) [37] | RE | Korea | 343/171 | 100 (514/514) | 228 | 286 | 0.94 (0.59–1.47) | PCA-7-14d | UBT/RUT | At least 4 weeks | ≥ 40 g/day in men ≥ 20 g/day in women | 7 |
Noda et al. (2016) [17] | P | Japan | 85/61 52–73 | 14.4 (21/146) | 79 | 62 | 1.65 (0.53–5.11) | VPZ, AMO, CLA-7d PCA-7d | UBT | 1–2 months | Questionnaire | 6 |
Ahn et al. (2017) [38] | P | Korea | 34/50 41–73 | 25 (21/84) | 18 | 66 | 0.98 (0.19–5.20) | PCA-10d | UBT | 6-8 weeks | NM | 5 |
Zhang YW (2018) [12] | RE | China | 501/491 46.7 ± 12.4 | 26.1 (259/992) | 231 | 628 | 2.52 (1.43–4.41) | FUR, AMO, BIS, PPI—10-14d | UBT or gastric biopsy | > 4 weeks | Clinical Data | 5 |
Chang et al. (2019) [39] | P | Korea | 89/101 55.4 ± 10.2 | 0 (0/190) | 65 | 125 | 0.53 (0.27–1.06) | PCA-7d | UBT | 4 weeks | Collected data | 7 |
Song et al. (2019) [1] | RE | China | 273/311 | 48.8 (285/584) | 83 | 501 | 0.2 (0.0‐1.8) | PBAF-10d/14d PBTF-10d/14d PBLF -10d/14d | UBT/RUT/histology/FAT | at least 4 weeks | Medical records and telephone interviews | 5 |
Jin et al. (2019) [40] | P | China | 128/162 49.32 ± 12.56 | 0 (0/290) | 76 | 214 | 1.56 (0.67–3.64) | PBCA-14d | NM | at least 4 weeks | Heavy drinker Social drinker | 7 |
Yi et al. (2019) [13] | P | China | 98/87 18–70 | 16.8 (31/185) | 49 | 136 | 3.15 (0.59–16.86) 0.99 (0.24–4.07) | PBAF-14d PBCA-14d | NM | 4 weeks | Outpatient clinics and inpatient wards | 7 |
Ozeki et al. (2019) [41] | P | Japan | 51/158 | NM | 131 | 209 | 0.94 (0.43–2.09) 3.75 (1.57–8.94) | PCA-7d | UBT/Endoscopy + RUT | 2 months + 1 year | More than once a week | 7 |
Yao et al. (2019) [7] | RE | Taiwan China | 357/362 64.1 ± 9.0 58.3 ± 12.2 | 19.5 (140/719) | 106 | 613 | 1.202 (0.663–2.177) | PCA-7d | UBT | 6-8 weeks | Medical records | 7 |
Takara et al. (2019)[2] | RE | Japan | 261/359 61.03 ± 12.47 62.17 ± 12.01 | NM | 174 | 466 | 1.41 (0.49–4.02) 0.89 (0.55–1.47) | VPZ, AMO, CLA-7d PCA-7d | UBT | at least 5 weeks | Clinic records | 7 |
Okubo et al. (2020) [16] | P | Japan | 60/86 22–85 | NM | 61 | 85 | 3.13 (0.98–20.12) | VPZ, AMO, CLA-7d | UBT | at least 4 (4–16 weeks) | > 20 g of pure alcohol daily | 6 |
Eto et al. (2021) [3] | RE | Japan | 103/60 20–79 | NM | 25 | 138 | 1.91 (0.63–5.78) | VPZ, AMO-7d | UBT | 4 weeks | Clinic records | 6 |
Nkuize et al. (2021) [42] | RE | Belgium | 183/279 43.4 ± 10.9 39.1 ± 12.1 | NM | 114 | 340 | 0.570 (0.321–1.011) | PPI, CLA, MET—7-14d; PPI, AMO-5d + PPI CLA, AMO-5d; PBMT-10d; PPI, AMO, CLA, MET-14d; | UBT | At least 6 weeks | Current drinker | 7 |
Kasai et al. (2021) [46] | RE | Japan | NM 34–79 | NM | 6 | 27 | 0.88 (0.08–9.29) | VPA, AMO, MET-7d | UBT | 4 weeks | Databases | 6 |