Fig. 1From: Enhancing surgical precision: unveiling the impact of preoperative colonoscopy in anal fistula patientsPatient grouping process in the clinical study. Note: A The schematic diagram of the grouping process for Groups A and B, patients diagnosed with anal fistula are placed in Group A, while patients without anal fistula are placed in Group B; B The schematic diagram of the grouping process for Groups A and C, patients who have undergone preoperative colonoscopy are placed in Group A, while patients who have not undergone the examination are placed in Group CBack to article page