Table 2 Factors associated with the prevalence of polypharmacy among individuals with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Current age (y) (Ref: <60)

≥ 60

1.79 (1.57, 2.05)

1.46 (1.19, 1.79)

< 0.001

Education (Ref: illiterate)

Literate

0.68 (0.59, 0.77)

1.43 (1.15, 1.78)

0.001

Gender (Ref: Male)

Female

3.19 (2.73, 3.72)

1.68 (1.30, 2.18)

< 0.001

Marital status (Ref: not married)

Married

0.71 (0.59, 0.85)

1.45 (1.14, 1.84)

0.002

Ethnicity (Ref: being non-Fars)

Fars

1.44 (1.26, 1.64)

1.25 (1.04, 1.50)

0.017

Metabolic syndrome (Ref: not having metabolic syndrome)

Yes

3.70 (3.23, 4.23)

1.77 (1.45, 2.15)

< 0.001

Physical activity (Ref: not having high level of physical activity)

High

0.41 (0.35, 0.49)

0.69 (0.54, 0.88)

0.004

Comorbidities (Ref: having less than 4 comorbidities)

≥ 4

4.23 (3.72, 4.82)

3.33 (2.66, 4.15)

< 0.001