Table 1 Characteristics of studies evaluating resistin levels in IBD patients
From: Circulatory resistin levels in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author | Year | Design | Location | Specimen | Population | IBD type(s) | Sample size | Age | % Male | BMI | Active Disease (%) | Main Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abdel Kedar et al. | 2010 | Cross-Sectional | Egypt | Serum | IBD patients and age and sex-matched HC | UC CD | UC: 24 CD: 16 HC: 20 | UC: 32.3 ± 14.3 CD: 29.4 ± 13.6 HC: 30.8 ± 12.0 | NR | UC: 24 ± 2.3 CD: 23.7 ± 2.2 HC: 24.2 ± 2.1 | UC: 58 CD: 37.5 | Patients with IBD had higher levels of resistin compared with HC. Also, active disease was associated with higher resistin levels. |
Abedimanesh et al. | 2018 | Case-control | Iran | Serum | UC patients and age- and sex-matched HC | UC | UC: 50 HC: 43 | UC: 33.3 ± 9.7 HC: 33.2 ± 8.8 | UC: 56 HC: 55.8 | UC: 24.8 ± 5.1 HC: 23.1 ± 6.2 | NR | Patients with UC had significantly higher levels of resistin, compared with controls (p-value = 0.004). |
Bostrom et al. | 2011 | Cross-Sectional | Sweden | Serum | IBD patients and HC | UC CD | UC: 53 CD: 51 HC: 40 | UC: 45 (23–77) CD: 43 (26–67) HC: 44 (24–67) | UC: 49.1 CD: 54.9 HC: 25 | NR | UC: 15 CD: 37 | Significantly higher levels of resistin were found in patients with CD compared with patients with NAFLD. Also, patients with hepatobiliary inflammation had higher levels of serum resistin than patients with IBD. |
Frivolt et al. | 2018 | Retrospective Case-control | Germany | Serum | CD patients and healthy sex- and BMI-matched controls | CD | CD: 18 HC: 15 | CD: 15 ± 1.5 HC: 13.4 ± 1.6 | CD: 55.5 HC: 46.7 | CD: 18 ± 2.2 HC: 18.4 ± 2.0 | UC: 44.4 | Before infliximab therapy, patients with CD had significantly higher levels of resistin (p-value = 0.002). |
Karaskova et al. | 2022 | Case-control | Czech Republic | Serum | IBD patients and sex- and age-matched HC | UC CD | UC: 27 CD: 31 HC: 20 | UC: 15 (13–15) CD: 15 (13–16) HC: 15 (12–16) | IBD: 55.2 HC: 55 | UC: 20.0 (17.0-22.1) CD: 20.3 (17.3–24.0) HC: 19.1 (16.1–21.5) | NR | Patients with IBD had significantly higher levels of resistin, compared with HC. Also, resistin was higher in each subgroup (CD and UC). |
Karmiris et al. | 2006 | Cross-Sectional | Greece | Serum | IBD patients and HC | UC CD | UC: 46 CD: 54 HC: 60 | UC: 46 CD: 37 HC: 36 | UC: 65.2 CD: 51.8 | UC: 25.5 CD: 24 | NR | Mean serum resistin levels were significantly higher in both UC and CD patients as compared with HC. There was no difference in adipocytokines in patients with active disease compared with inactive cases (p-value > 0.05). |
Karmiris et al. | 2007 | Prospective | Greece | Serum | IBD patients | UC CD | UC: 3 CD: 17 | UC: 43.3 CD: 37.9 | UC: 66.7 CD: 58.8 | NR | NR | Serum resistin levels decreased after infliximab therapy in patients with IBD. |
Konrad et al. | 2007 | Cross-Sectional | Germany | Plasma | IBD patients and HC | UC CD | UC: 112 CD: 235 HC: 144 | UC: 44.6 ± 14.0 CD: 40.4 ± 14.0 HC: 38.2 ± 11.4 | UC: 60.7 CD: 46.4 HC: 49.3 | UC: 23.9 ± 4.0 CD: 23.4 ± 4.3 HC: 23.7 ± 3.3 | UC: 58.9 CD: 56.6 | Resistin was higher in both CD and UC patients, compared with HC. Also, in each group, high CRP group and active disease had significantly higher levels of resistin. |
Kurowski et al. | 2021 | Prospective | United States | Serum | CD patients and normal colonoscopy HC | CD HC | CD: 36 HC: 68 | CD: 13.0 (7.0–18.0) HC: 14.5 (6.0–20.0) | CD: 53 HC: 38 | NR | NR | Resistin levels were higher in peditric CD patients compared to HC. These levels were improved significantly after treatment with biologics compared with not on biologics. |
Moreno et al. | 2020 | Cross-Sectional | Spain | Serum | CD patients and HC | CD HC | CD: 40 HC: 36 | CD: 45.5 ± 12.6 HC: 51.4 ± 15.1 | CD: 47.5 HC: 44.4 | CD: 25.1 ± 4.1 HC: 24.4 ± 3.9 | CD: 45 | Resistin levels were different between active CD (aCD), quiescent CD (qCD), and HC groups. The ROC-AUC was 0.59, 0.66, and 0.75 for comparison of qCD with HC, qCD with aCD, and aCD with HC, respectively. |
Morshedzadeh et al. | 2023 | RCT | Iran | Serum | UC | UC | UC: 70 | UC: 31.2 ± 10.2 | UC: 57.8 | UC: 23.7 ± 2.5 | NR | Flaxseed supplementation led to a significant reduction in resistin levels (-4.85 ± 1.89 vs. -1.10 ± 2.25, p-value < 0.001). |
Sobolewska-Włodarczyk et al. | 2020 | Prospective cohort | Poland | Serum | IBD patients | UC CD | UC: 35 CD: 30 | UC: 42.5 ± 17.8 CD: 38.7 ± 12.5 | UC: 51 CD: 53 | UC: 21.3 ± 2.1 CD: 20.8 ± 1.9 | NR | In patients with IBD, those with poor sleep had significantly higher levels of resistin (p-value = 0.0458). |
Theocharidou et al. | 2016 | Cross-Sectional | Greece | Plasma | IBD patients and age-, sex-, BMI, and smoking-matched HC. | UC CD | UC: 15 CD: 29 HC: 44 | IBD: 36.1 ± 10.3 HC: 37.2 ± 10.7 | IBD: 50 HC: 50 | IBD: 23.7 (16.5–37.4) HC: 24.3 (18-36.3) | UC: 26.7 CD: 27.6 | Resistin was significantly higher in patients with IBD, compared to HC. Also, active disease was associated with higher levels of resistin. |
Titus et al. | 2023 | Cross-Sectional | United States | Plasma | IBD patients and HC | UC CD | UC: 10 CD: 5 HC: 7 | NR | UC: 40 CD: 80 HC: 57.1 | NR | NR | Resistin was significantly higher in patients with IBD (UC and CD). Also, the ROC-AUC was 0.82 and 0.77 for UC and CD, respectively. |
Trejo-Vazquez et al. | 2018 | Case-control | Mexico | Serum | IBD patients and HC | UC CD | UC: 23 CD: 11 HC: 19 | IBD: 54.8 ± 15.1 HC: 53.2 ± 9.6 | IBD: 41.2 HC: 15.8 | IBD: 27.6 ± 5.9 HC: 28.4 ± 6.5 | NR | Resistin was not different between patients with IBD and HC groups. Also, there was no difference between UC and CD. |
Valentini et al. | 2009 | Prospective cohort | Germany | Serum | IBD patients and age- and BMI-matched HC | UC CD | UC: 44 CD: 49 HC: 37 | Active UC: 42 (33–52) Quiescent UC: 42 (30–56) Active CD: 32 (26–43 Quiescent CD: 36 (27–45) HC: 39 (30–46) | UC: 34.4 CD: 26.9 HC: 16.2 | Active UC: 22.3 (20.2–24.9) Quiescent UC: 24.2 (21–27) Active CD: 20.5 (18.8–24.3) Quiescent CD: 22 (20.3–26.1) HC: 22.3 (20.7–24.2) | UC: 27.9 CD: 26.9 | Compared to HC group, patients with active IBD had significantly higher resistin levels, however, patients in remssion did not have different serum resistin in comparison with HC. There was a correlation between resistin and disease activity score (CDAI and CAI). Moreover, it had relation with all inflammatory markers except IL-6. |
Waluga et al. | 2014 | Cross-Sectional | Poland | Serum | IBD patients and age- and sex-matched HC | UC CD | UC: 16 CD: 24 HC: 16 | UC: 33.2 ± 21.9 CD: 31.0 ± 9.4 HC: 30.3 ± 12.2 | UC: 44 CD: 46 HC: 50 | UC: 23.4 ± 5.6 CD: 21.4 ± 2.8 HC: 22 ± 4.8 | NR | Baseline resistin levels were significantly higher in patients with UC and CD than HC. Treatment to achieving remission resulted in significant decrease in UC patients. |
Youssef et al. | 2022 | Cohort | Egypt | Serum | UC patients | UC | UC: 40 | UC: 32.7 ± 10.1 | UC: 55 | NR | NR | Active UC patients had significantly higher resistin levels, in comparison with those in remission. |
Zekri et al. | 2015 | Case-control | Egypt | Serum | IBD patients and HC | UC CD | UC: 18 CD: 6 HC: 29 | IBD: 41.67 ± 3.2 HC: 43.07 ± 2.79 | IBD: 70.8 HC: 59.3 | NR | NR | Patients with IBD and HC groups did not show significant difference in terms of resistin levels. |